Because of overexploitation, forests resources in the world are disappearing at an astonishing speed. The whole world has seen about 13,000,000 hectares of its forests destroyed every year since 1990. In 2006, FAO reported that most people thought the global warming is caused by burning mineral fuel. However, in fact, every year there are 25% to 30% (approximately 1,600,000,000 t) of greenhouse gases released to the atmosphere as a result of the forests’ destruction.

Why Bamboo
Compares to wood, Bamboo with an extremely remarkable advantage: its growth period is much shorter. A hardwood tree needs at least 50 years to grow from a seed to mature size. But if it is intended to reach its maximum height, then a hundred years or even several hundred years are necessary. Even fast-growing trees as like fir, need up to 20 years to reach maturity. If a bamboo, grows from shoot to reach over 12 to 15 meters at height, only needs 2 to 3 months. For example, the average height increment of Moso Bamboo ( Phyllostachys pubescens ) is 30 to 50cm/day, the max height increment is1 m/day.
Bamboo plantation is variational for its future usage. Planting bamboo for raw material to making panel, you should thick planting. So each stands grows faster and straighter to get sunshine. For this purpose, the density is about 4500 stems/ha2. If you want to harvest shoots from bamboo grove, stands is about 3750 to 4050 stems/ha2.
On the productivity. There are three classes of bamboo grove: The first is High-yield grove: 22,500kg/ha, this grove is a really bamboo grove and intensive managed with scarification, cleaning weed and bush, fertilization etc. Second is Middle-yield grove: 500 to 1,500 kg/ha2, this kind of grove is a really bamboo grove also, but not so good managed as the first one. It is only cleaning weed and bush, less fertilizers. The third one is less 500 kg/ha2. This kind of grove is no management, excessive deforestation or long time no felling, old bamboo mix grows with arbors and bushes.
On shooting quantity. middle-yield of bamboo grove with shooting quantity is 7,500 to 150,000kg. The intensive managed bamboo grove with more production. Average production is 88,350 stems of winter shoot, weight is 2,430 kg, and 96,180 stems of spring shoot, weight is 15,585 kg.
Each shoot will grow to a mature bamboo if it is not harvested.

Interception of Rainfall by Bamboo Canopy
The bamboo is an evergreen plant with thick branches and leaves. The effect of canopy interception is obvious. After rain is intercepted by multilayer of leaves, branches and stems, the rain changed direction and the way of landing, slow the landing speed. Thus easing the rain direct splash and erode on soil, reduced runoff erosion to soil. The study on the canopy rainfall Interception of bamboo shows that, in the grove with 0.82 of canopy density, when where outside of the grove, the rainfall is 0.5 mm, stem-flow starting to be formed. The stem-flow is 0.16 mm, It is much less than other trees required for the minimum rainfall. When stem-flow is 2.43%, the canopy interception variational between 0.08% to 49.28%. Bamboo has more stem-flow, hence easing the rain splash and erode on soil. Bamboo branches and leaves account for 25.4% to 35.2% of the above ground of biomass. The maximum water-holding percent of branches and leaves is 17.25% to 43.25%, what is 1.28 to 1.43 times heavier than its fresh weight of non-absorbent. Bamboo branches and leaves can effectively intercept and absorb precipitation, reduce precipitation loss with surface runoff. Compare with fir groves, under the same conditions of rainfall, the interception of rainfall by bamboo’s canopy is 15.61%, which means 6.11 % more than the fir forests. The stem-flow is 9.16 %, what is 6.26% more than fir grove. The surface runoff is 32.37 m3•(hm2/a)，far more than fir groves.

Water and Soil Conservation of Bamboo
Bamboo has a close and strong rhizome and root systems which crisscross spreads a network. Most of them in topsoils. They improve soil structure, increase soil porosity, conducive to the infiltration of rainwater. Bamboo is a shallow-roots plant. The rhizomes distribute in the topsoil from 0 to 30 cm of depth, which account for 70% to 80% of the total amount, less reach to 50 cm depth. Roots distribute vertically in 10 to 40 cm of soil layer, the deepest may reach 60 cm. As underground stem grows out from rhizomes, so the depth of underground stems is as same as the rhizomes. The deepest may reach 80 cm. In the space of 1 hectare of topsoil, underground stems, roots and rhizomes occupy 70% of scope. forms a top close but bottom sparse and porous network structure. They hold the soil around tightly. The experiments indicate that a bamboo stem may store 5 kg of water, the roots holds 4m2 of around soil. A hectare of bamboo grove with saturation water storage capacity reaches 3,750 to 4, 200 t.

Water Storage of Bamboo
Shedding leaves have a very strong ability to absorb and conserve water. The absorbent water is 2 to 4 times than the dry mass itself. After mulch absorbed and intercepted a certain quantity of rainfall, the water capacity of bamboo grove increased and promoted infiltration of soil. The average maximum water holding rate of litter of Moso bamboo is 314%. The average maximum water holding of litter by clumping species bamboos is from 270% to 290%. The maximum water holding capacity of litter of Moso bamboos is between 24 to 33 t/hm2, which is equal to a water depth 2.4 to 3.3 mm. The soil of bamboo grove has many organic matters, with high porosity and big water holding capacity, hence the stands absorb plenty of water when heavy rain comes. When the rain ceases, the water seeps out slowly and forms runoff which adjusts streamflow effectively, increases the available water supply. Therefore, bamboo redistributes rainfall by interception, absorption and infiltration, reduces the echard, increases the the available water, plays an important role on water conservation.

Microclimate Adjustment of Bamboo
The ecosystem of bamboo groves is an important part of the ecosystem of groves, as same as other ecosystems of groves,. Bamboo grove has a large canopy which works just like a green thermostat between earth surface and atmosphere, creating a special microclimate in the grove. As the canopy screens the sunlight, only 5% to 35% of the light will permeate the canopy and enter the grove. Furthermore the air in the grove is moisture-conditioned, so the temperatures are wide difference between in and out of the grove. According to the cited research, the maximum temperature in bamboo grove is 8 ºC lower than sloping farmland, average maximum temperature is 4.6 ºC lower than sloping farmland, average minimum temperature is 2.9 ºC lower lower than sloping farmland. The maximum day of bamboo grove always comes later than sloping farmland. The air temperature daily variation amplitude is 7.7 ºC lower than sloping farmland. This research proved that bamboo has a strong effect on temperature reduction, and the temperature changes more gently. The minimum humidity is 6.6% more than in sloping farmland. Humidity variation amplitude is 4.9% less than sloping farmland. The maximum humidity day comes always comes earlier than sloping farmland, the minimum always comes later than sloping farmland. These all indicate that bamboo groves have a powerful ability to capture and detain moisture from air. The soil temperature variation amplitude is less than sloping farmland. The soil monthly minimum temperature of different soil layer is 0.6 to 1.2 ºC lower than sloping farmland. The monthly maximum temperature is 3.65 to 8.35 ºC than sloping farmland. Bamboo grove has a quite remarkable influence on soil surface layer and shallow layer.