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#1
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DNA of Plants
I am going to make some researches on DNA of paphiopedilums. First, i need
to ask if there were horticulturists who can do an Artifical variety of Paphs successfully before. Second, Where can i find the DNA of each Paphs? -- --- Visit this website to get more information about gardening and buy flowers securely! http://www.dickyhorticulture.freehomepage.com |
#2
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DNA of Plants
Hi Dicky,
Can you re-write you question differently so I can understand it? Are you trying to breed Paphiopedilums? Are you looking for genetics of Paphiopedilums? Are you trying to raise Paphipedilums artificially....seedlings? Research on Pahiopedilum DNA is limited.. Some people may have done DNA fingerprinting to study origins, but I do not think you will find results on the www. With regards Alan "Dicky" wrote in message ... I am going to make some researches on DNA of paphiopedilums. First, i need to ask if there were horticulturists who can do an Artifical variety of Paphs successfully before. Second, Where can i find the DNA of each Paphs? -- --- Visit this website to get more information about gardening and buy flowers securely! http://www.dickyhorticulture.freehomepage.com |
#3
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DNA of Plants
TQPL wrote:
Hi Dicky, Can you re-write you question differently so I can understand it? Are you trying to breed Paphiopedilums? Are you looking for genetics of Paphiopedilums? Are you trying to raise Paphipedilums artificially....seedlings? I was a little unclear myself. Research on Paphiopedilum DNA is limited.. Some people may have done DNA fingerprinting to study origins, but I do not think you will find results on the www. No taxonomic analyses that I could find, but there are some DNA sequences published. Mainly 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 sequences, so somebody is working on it. You could take these sequences and run some phylogenetic analyses. Of course you would have to learn how to do that properly (it is quite easy to do it improperly). I'd suggest PAUP as a good software package to use for this. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...aphioped ilum Now, if you are looking for other things (full genomic sequence, or even just specific gene sequences), you are out of luck. None of that has been done (or if it has, it hasn't been published). We aren't quite to the point of making it trivial to sequence a genome, it still takes a while and a lot of money. Less time and less money than a couple years ago (or a couple months ago). I think that Paphiopedilum as a genus is probably similar enough at the genomic level that you would only really have to sequence one species, at least as a reference set. Pick a species, any species... There is a program from the JGI (US Department of Energy Joint Genomes Institute) that will fund genome sequencing, if you can convince them that your organism is interesting enough and that you can handle the data analysis. At least I assume they are still soliciting proposals. If there is enough interest in this, I can provide the data analysis if somebody wants to provide the rationale and paperwork. I'm supporting a proposal to look at a fungus (death angel mushroom, actually), but orchids would be more fun. Rob (why yes, I am a bioinformatician...) -- Rob's Rules: http://www.msu.edu/~halgren 1) There is always room for one more orchid 2) There is always room for two more orchids 2a. See rule 1 3) When one has insufficient credit to purchase more orchids, obtain more credit |
#4
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DNA of Plants
I am meaning that i want to make a Variety Paphs by human technology, for
example how to turn Paph.hangianum from yellow to blue...etc. And i would like to know the method in making some paphs into Alba/Album form, i.e bellatulum -- bellatulum fma. album , philippinense -- philippinense fma. album.. thank you ^^ "Rob Halgren" ... TQPL wrote: Hi Dicky, Can you re-write you question differently so I can understand it? Are you trying to breed Paphiopedilums? Are you looking for genetics of Paphiopedilums? Are you trying to raise Paphipedilums artificially....seedlings? I was a little unclear myself. Research on Paphiopedilum DNA is limited.. Some people may have done DNA fingerprinting to study origins, but I do not think you will find results on the www. No taxonomic analyses that I could find, but there are some DNA sequences published. Mainly 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 sequences, so somebody is working on it. You could take these sequences and run some phylogenetic analyses. Of course you would have to learn how to do that properly (it is quite easy to do it improperly). I'd suggest PAUP as a good software package to use for this. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...cleotide&term= paphiopedilum Now, if you are looking for other things (full genomic sequence, or even just specific gene sequences), you are out of luck. None of that has been done (or if it has, it hasn't been published). We aren't quite to the point of making it trivial to sequence a genome, it still takes a while and a lot of money. Less time and less money than a couple years ago (or a couple months ago). I think that Paphiopedilum as a genus is probably similar enough at the genomic level that you would only really have to sequence one species, at least as a reference set. Pick a species, any species... There is a program from the JGI (US Department of Energy Joint Genomes Institute) that will fund genome sequencing, if you can convince them that your organism is interesting enough and that you can handle the data analysis. At least I assume they are still soliciting proposals. If there is enough interest in this, I can provide the data analysis if somebody wants to provide the rationale and paperwork. I'm supporting a proposal to look at a fungus (death angel mushroom, actually), but orchids would be more fun. Rob (why yes, I am a bioinformatician...) -- Rob's Rules: http://www.msu.edu/~halgren 1) There is always room for one more orchid 2) There is always room for two more orchids 2a. See rule 1 3) When one has insufficient credit to purchase more orchids, obtain more credit |
#5
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DNA of Plants
In addition, If i want to study in this type of research, what universities
can i enter? And what is the subject for that, Horticulture? Biochem? .... etc. Also, should i learn Genetics? "Dicky" ¼¶¼g©ó¶l¥ó·s»D ... I am meaning that i want to make a Variety Paphs by human technology, for example how to turn Paph.hangianum from yellow to blue...etc. And i would like to know the method in making some paphs into Alba/Album form, i.e bellatulum -- bellatulum fma. album , philippinense -- philippinense fma. album.. thank you ^^ "Rob Halgren" ... TQPL wrote: Hi Dicky, Can you re-write you question differently so I can understand it? Are you trying to breed Paphiopedilums? Are you looking for genetics of Paphiopedilums? Are you trying to raise Paphipedilums artificially....seedlings? I was a little unclear myself. Research on Paphiopedilum DNA is limited.. Some people may have done DNA fingerprinting to study origins, but I do not think you will find results on the www. No taxonomic analyses that I could find, but there are some DNA sequences published. Mainly 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 sequences, so somebody is working on it. You could take these sequences and run some phylogenetic analyses. Of course you would have to learn how to do that properly (it is quite easy to do it improperly). I'd suggest PAUP as a good software package to use for this. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...cleotide&term= paphiopedilum Now, if you are looking for other things (full genomic sequence, or even just specific gene sequences), you are out of luck. None of that has been done (or if it has, it hasn't been published). We aren't quite to the point of making it trivial to sequence a genome, it still takes a while and a lot of money. Less time and less money than a couple years ago (or a couple months ago). I think that Paphiopedilum as a genus is probably similar enough at the genomic level that you would only really have to sequence one species, at least as a reference set. Pick a species, any species... There is a program from the JGI (US Department of Energy Joint Genomes Institute) that will fund genome sequencing, if you can convince them that your organism is interesting enough and that you can handle the data analysis. At least I assume they are still soliciting proposals. If there is enough interest in this, I can provide the data analysis if somebody wants to provide the rationale and paperwork. I'm supporting a proposal to look at a fungus (death angel mushroom, actually), but orchids would be more fun. Rob (why yes, I am a bioinformatician...) -- Rob's Rules: http://www.msu.edu/~halgren 1) There is always room for one more orchid 2) There is always room for two more orchids 2a. See rule 1 3) When one has insufficient credit to purchase more orchids, obtain more credit |
#6
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DNA of Plants
Thanks for Rob's reply. The data is very useful. ^^
"Dicky" ¼¶¼g©ó¶l¥ó·s»D ... In addition, If i want to study in this type of research, what universities can i enter? And what is the subject for that, Horticulture? Biochem? .... etc. Also, should i learn Genetics? "Dicky" ¼¶¼g©ó¶l¥ó·s»D ... I am meaning that i want to make a Variety Paphs by human technology, for example how to turn Paph.hangianum from yellow to blue...etc. And i would like to know the method in making some paphs into Alba/Album form, i.e bellatulum -- bellatulum fma. album , philippinense -- philippinense fma. album.. thank you ^^ "Rob Halgren" ... TQPL wrote: Hi Dicky, Can you re-write you question differently so I can understand it? Are you trying to breed Paphiopedilums? Are you looking for genetics of Paphiopedilums? Are you trying to raise Paphipedilums artificially....seedlings? I was a little unclear myself. Research on Paphiopedilum DNA is limited.. Some people may have done DNA fingerprinting to study origins, but I do not think you will find results on the www. No taxonomic analyses that I could find, but there are some DNA sequences published. Mainly 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 sequences, so somebody is working on it. You could take these sequences and run some phylogenetic analyses. Of course you would have to learn how to do that properly (it is quite easy to do it improperly). I'd suggest PAUP as a good software package to use for this. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...cleotide&term= paphiopedilum Now, if you are looking for other things (full genomic sequence, or even just specific gene sequences), you are out of luck. None of that has been done (or if it has, it hasn't been published). We aren't quite to the point of making it trivial to sequence a genome, it still takes a while and a lot of money. Less time and less money than a couple years ago (or a couple months ago). I think that Paphiopedilum as a genus is probably similar enough at the genomic level that you would only really have to sequence one species, at least as a reference set. Pick a species, any species... There is a program from the JGI (US Department of Energy Joint Genomes Institute) that will fund genome sequencing, if you can convince them that your organism is interesting enough and that you can handle the data analysis. At least I assume they are still soliciting proposals. If there is enough interest in this, I can provide the data analysis if somebody wants to provide the rationale and paperwork. I'm supporting a proposal to look at a fungus (death angel mushroom, actually), but orchids would be more fun. Rob (why yes, I am a bioinformatician...) -- Rob's Rules: http://www.msu.edu/~halgren 1) There is always room for one more orchid 2) There is always room for two more orchids 2a. See rule 1 3) When one has insufficient credit to purchase more orchids, obtain more credit |
#7
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DNA of Plants
Dicky wrote:
In addition, If i want to study in this type of research, what universities can i enter? And what is the subject for that, Horticulture? Biochem? .... etc. Also, should i learn Genetics? If you are thinking about studying in the US, pick one of the big state universities that specializes in agricultural research. Michigan State, for example. The reason for this is that gene transformation in plants often requires very expensive equipment (gold particle guns, etc.), which may not be available at a smaller school. There are several oriental institutions that have substantial orchid research departments (in China, Taiwan, and Japan, for sure). I would study biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology. All three. You need all that to even start with the project you propose. It isn't impossible, in fact it is quite possible, but there are substantial barriers in the way. 1. The genes for pigment formation have not been sequenced in paphs (or any orchid that I know of). You can get a good idea from other plants (arabidopsis) where these pathways are reasonably well understood, but you would still need to clone out the orchid genes. 2. You could make alba orchids fairly readily by disrupting pigment synthesis. I'm not that familiar with the literature, but I don't know of anybody who has done that yet. It has always been a little pet project of mine, actually. Project in the sense that I have been thinking about how to do it, not in that I've actually tried. 3. I did see a paper recently about introducing foreign DNA into ... cymbidium? ... Problem was that it was a transient transfection - meaning the DNA wasn't stably integrated into the target organism. You really want your genetic manipulations to be permanent. I think that has been demonstrated, I just haven't seen the paper. 4. The major barrier to doing this with paphiopedilum is that it is very difficult to grow these cells in tissue culture. Otherwise we would be able to 'clone' paphs, which just doesn't happen very easily. Hence, paphs aren't the best system to learn how to do genetic modifications in. I'd stick with phals or cymbidiums, at least to learn the techniques. Don't let any of that stop you from dreaming about doing it. It isn't easy, and it isn't cheap. But it is interesting. You could make a very good scientific career out of answering the kinds of questions you ask. Rob -- Rob's Rules: http://www.msu.edu/~halgren 1) There is always room for one more orchid 2) There is always room for two more orchids 2a. See rule 1 3) When one has insufficient credit to purchase more orchids, obtain more credit |
#8
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DNA of Plants
Hi Dicky,
Thanks for explaining your goals. Rob is very optimistic and gives you some good sound ideas. Unfortunately I am not otpimistic for you. As Rob said "the big problem is going to be the Paph tc." Though even that is small...compared to your aims. I would go for bio-technology studies even though GM has a bad press. If you could in the future colour modify tobacco ( a comparative easy bio-engineering plant) it might be a start. Your work would have to be carried out in research institutions and be licenced. You probably would need to be part of a team or have a doctorate. There are many more commercial orchids than Paphs that might give more lucrative results. However if you look around at horticulture, changing flower colour has not been achieved with any great success todate. Many would consider there are easier plants around to study than orchids for such goals. The red rose turned into the blue of delphinium is simply not with us in 2004. There are multimillion pound projects searching for solutions but they are not arriving with results. Then you have the problem....will the public accept such plants. If not - they are commercially dead. You cannot simply 'release' modified plants. Some people, including companies and institutions would argue that there are more lucrative and humanitarian avenues to follow, such as medical drug production in plant crops. Achieving albums, albas and other variants from seedlings on flowering may be a much easier to achieve goal for you in Paphiopedilums. Good luck. If you can achieve it you will become a billionaire. With regards Alan. "Rob Halgren" wrote in message ... 4. The major barrier to doing this with paphiopedilum is that it is very difficult to grow these cells in tissue culture. Otherwise we would be able to 'clone' paphs, which just doesn't happen very easily. Hence, paphs aren't the best system to learn how to do genetic modifications in. I'd stick with phals or cymbidiums, at least to learn the techniques. Don't let any of that stop you from dreaming about doing it. It isn't easy, and it isn't cheap. But it is interesting. You could make a very good scientific career out of answering the kinds of questions you ask. Rob -- Rob's Rules: http://www.msu.edu/~halgren 1) There is always room for one more orchid 2) There is always room for two more orchids 2a. See rule 1 3) When one has insufficient credit to purchase more orchids, obtain more credit |
#9
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DNA of Plants
Rob,
Are the weird code at the bottom of each page of the Nuleotide the DNA arrangement? "TQPL" ¼¶¼g©ó¶l¥ó·s»D ... Hi Dicky, Thanks for explaining your goals. Rob is very optimistic and gives you some good sound ideas. Unfortunately I am not otpimistic for you. As Rob said "the big problem is going to be the Paph tc." Though even that is small...compared to your aims. I would go for bio-technology studies even though GM has a bad press. If you could in the future colour modify tobacco ( a comparative easy bio-engineering plant) it might be a start. Your work would have to be carried out in research institutions and be licenced. You probably would need to be part of a team or have a doctorate. There are many more commercial orchids than Paphs that might give more lucrative results. However if you look around at horticulture, changing flower colour has not been achieved with any great success todate. Many would consider there are easier plants around to study than orchids for such goals. The red rose turned into the blue of delphinium is simply not with us in 2004. There are multimillion pound projects searching for solutions but they are not arriving with results. Then you have the problem....will the public accept such plants. If not - they are commercially dead. You cannot simply 'release' modified plants. Some people, including companies and institutions would argue that there are more lucrative and humanitarian avenues to follow, such as medical drug production in plant crops. Achieving albums, albas and other variants from seedlings on flowering may be a much easier to achieve goal for you in Paphiopedilums. Good luck. If you can achieve it you will become a billionaire. With regards Alan. "Rob Halgren" wrote in message ... 4. The major barrier to doing this with paphiopedilum is that it is very difficult to grow these cells in tissue culture. Otherwise we would be able to 'clone' paphs, which just doesn't happen very easily. Hence, paphs aren't the best system to learn how to do genetic modifications in. I'd stick with phals or cymbidiums, at least to learn the techniques. Don't let any of that stop you from dreaming about doing it. It isn't easy, and it isn't cheap. But it is interesting. You could make a very good scientific career out of answering the kinds of questions you ask. Rob -- Rob's Rules: http://www.msu.edu/~halgren 1) There is always room for one more orchid 2) There is always room for two more orchids 2a. See rule 1 3) When one has insufficient credit to purchase more orchids, obtain more credit |
#10
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DNA of Plants
Cribb has done research on this. He has a done this in order to establish an
overview of the genetic relationships and on the web you should be able to find the tree like structure he produced from his findings. If found it once so it should be there. Good luck. "Dicky" schreef in bericht ... Rob, Are the weird code at the bottom of each page of the Nuleotide the DNA arrangement? "TQPL" ¼¶¼g©ó¶l¥ó·s»D ... Hi Dicky, Thanks for explaining your goals. Rob is very optimistic and gives you some good sound ideas. Unfortunately I am not otpimistic for you. As Rob said "the big problem is going to be the Paph tc." Though even that is small...compared to your aims. I would go for bio-technology studies even though GM has a bad press. If you could in the future colour modify tobacco ( a comparative easy bio-engineering plant) it might be a start. Your work would have to be carried out in research institutions and be licenced. You probably would need to be part of a team or have a doctorate. There are many more commercial orchids than Paphs that might give more lucrative results. However if you look around at horticulture, changing flower colour has not been achieved with any great success todate. Many would consider there are easier plants around to study than orchids for such goals. The red rose turned into the blue of delphinium is simply not with us in 2004. There are multimillion pound projects searching for solutions but they are not arriving with results. Then you have the problem....will the public accept such plants. If not - they are commercially dead. You cannot simply 'release' modified plants. Some people, including companies and institutions would argue that there are more lucrative and humanitarian avenues to follow, such as medical drug production in plant crops. Achieving albums, albas and other variants from seedlings on flowering may be a much easier to achieve goal for you in Paphiopedilums. Good luck. If you can achieve it you will become a billionaire. With regards Alan. "Rob Halgren" wrote in message ... 4. The major barrier to doing this with paphiopedilum is that it is very difficult to grow these cells in tissue culture. Otherwise we would be able to 'clone' paphs, which just doesn't happen very easily. Hence, paphs aren't the best system to learn how to do genetic modifications in. I'd stick with phals or cymbidiums, at least to learn the techniques. Don't let any of that stop you from dreaming about doing it. It isn't easy, and it isn't cheap. But it is interesting. You could make a very good scientific career out of answering the kinds of questions you ask. Rob -- Rob's Rules: http://www.msu.edu/~halgren 1) There is always room for one more orchid 2) There is always room for two more orchids 2a. See rule 1 3) When one has insufficient credit to purchase more orchids, obtain more credit |
#11
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DNA of Plants
Dicky wrote:
Rob, Are the weird code at the bottom of each page of the Nuleotide the DNA arrangement? If it is some combination of (a t g c) then yes. Rob -- Rob's Rules: http://www.msu.edu/~halgren 1) There is always room for one more orchid 2) There is always room for two more orchids 2a. See rule 1 3) When one has insufficient credit to purchase more orchids, obtain more credit |
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