Nina,
My impression was that the parasite causing the galls was a nematode. See
http://plant-disease.ippc.orst.edu/a...m?article_id=1

But gall nematodes are not found on apple. People like to blame nematodes
for a lot, but I have to pick a gall apart and find the nematode, then key
it out before I believe it. Whereas, I see root aphids on crabapple
bonsai all the time.

Nina.

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