"Tony Volk" wrote in message
...
I believe Val needs to be in the substrate, and a nutrient-rich substrate
at
that. Certainly my Vals have not done too well when they weren't placed
in
a nutrient-rich substrate (in my case, coarse and fine gravel with
fertilizer tabs). Cheers,

Tony
I have Vals growing very well in Fluorite, no substrate ferts, just the Tom
Barr method. They do best with high K.
bob