Hardy bamboos grow very well in north west Spain, where it rains a lot, and the summers aren't very hot. Take your pick from the same kinds you can get in England. Look at the catalogues of specialist suppliers such as http://www.junglegiants.co.uk/acatalog/sitemap.html
http://www.uk-bamboos.co.uk/default.htm
http://www.panglobalplants.com/

In dry parts of Spain, the best kind of bamboo to grow is "none", unless you are willing to do a lot of irrigation. They come from places where the summer is the wet season. It will need watering almost every day in a spanish summer. But if irrigated and fed well through the summer, many types of bamboo will grow very well indeed, because hot and wet is how many of them like it, as people in California know only too well. In such locations, you have to avoid the mountain bamboos, which are many of the ones we grow in Britain, because they won't like the summer heat.

The particular ones you can grow will depend upon whether you have serious winter frost or not. Bamboos like Phyllostachys spp and Semiarundinaria spp will certainly grow well for you, because they like a hot summer and are very cold hardy, but are likely to be very invasive in such conditions. Bambusa spp, which you won't easily get in Britain, are popular in (near) frost-free areas of California because they are spectacular and not so invasive.

If you don't know what grows well where you are, how about having a look in your neighbours' gardens and see what they are growing. Ask them how much they have to water it. I bet you'll see a lot of yuccas and grape vines and stuff like that. Mediterranean plants for a mediterranean climate.