There are basically three types of ponds that people generally build:

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PLANT PONDS - ponds designed for plants only, no fish. Usually built by avid gardeners who want to try growing new types of plants. These pond have little or no circulation and filtration

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WATER GARDENS - Ponds designed for a combination of plants and fish. This is the type most people picture when they think of ponds, moderate size and depth.

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KOI PONDS- ponds designed for only koi, no plants. Usually, serious aquarist build these ponds (it is much easier than building a 10,000 gallon aquarium). these ponds are designed larder and deeper than most water gardens and have large filtration systems.