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#16
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compost
Rich
In MODERN ARBORICULTURE we compost our tree trimmings that have been chipped. When we say composted tree trimmings we mean that the material has sat in a pile for at least a year. The stuff I use and sell is 2,3, or even 4 years old. It has a nice dark color acquired by the composting process. I do not use dyed mulch. The compost meaning that the living parenchyma cells have dies and the contents of the cells are digested. I.e., the parenchyma cells that made up the sapwood at time of trimming. The problem with using fresh chips is that the protoplasm from the inside of the parenchyma cells gets smeared all over the place. This protoplasm attracts undesirables that can and do do nasty things to trees above as well as below ground. This could cause disease. The microorganisms attracted to protoplasm are those that attract defense cells in trees. Now, the webwork of living parenchyma cells in trees (all parts of a tree are born alive) is collectively and correctly termed the "symplast". The cells are connected and can conduct electricity, thus the SHIGOMETER (a pulsed uhm meter) comes into play. Now the more composted the wood chips, leaves and needles the better. The more composted the less chances of artillery fungus on your house or structure. I cannot mention mulch without some lucid instruction. 1. Do not remove grass by digging before mulching. Because the grass roots grow deeper than the non-woody roots of the tree which would be removed with the grass. Just cut the grass low and place mulch on top. 2. Mulch should be kept back at least 6" from trunk and trunk flare. Should not touch trunk. 3. Mulch should be no more than 3-4" thick. If the non-woody roots grow into this gradation of mulch then you have too much and some should be removed. When this mulch dries out first, as it does, the non-woody roots die and abscission zones do not form and an entrance for micro's into the tree is created. 4. Mulch should be FLAT! 5. Done correctly mulch plays a key role in vitality management of the tree as well as associates. 6. I mention this gradation because in nurse logs or fallen trees in a forest roots from other trees grow into nurse logs into holes created by organisms such as borers. The nurse log will become a sponge and retain water for the trees to use during dry time. What I am trying to say is mulch comes in different gradations. This is what composting means to be. When wood breaks down to a material like coffee grounds, the material is termed "new soil". The major theme in nature is buildup and breakdown. Composting is a break down process. This are my thoughts on compost with respect to MODERN ARBORICULTURE and A NEW TREE BIOLOGY! MULCH stuff: http://www.treedictionary.com/DICT2003/M/mulch.html -- Sincerely, John A. Keslick, Jr. Consulting Tree Biologist http://home.ccil.org/~treeman and www.treedictionary.com Beware of so-called tree experts who do not understand tree biology. Storms, fires, floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions keep reminding us that we are not the boss. Some people will buy products they do not understand and not buy books that will give them understanding. "RichD" wrote in message ... The local grocery has a compost recycle bin, for food scraps etc. Even the plates and utensils go in there. I was wondering, what constitutes 'composting'? I mean, does it simply get dumped into a big grinder, or is there some enzymatic chemistry involved? And who/how/where receives it? Is it really superior to petrochemical fertilizer, or is it guilty conscience liberal feelgoodism? -- Rich |
#17
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communistic compost (WAS: compost)
Karsten Kruse wrote:
Billy schrieb: Is it really superior to petrochemical fertilizer, or is it guilty conscience liberal feelgoodism? No, the petrochemical producs are better. They sell better and the market doesn't lie. And don't forget to use lots of pesticides too. They are made from petroleum as well. I mean, if we are willing to go to war and cause incredible suffering, then it must be a good thing ;o), so eats lots of it. The really good unintended consequence is, of course, it cures conservative's cranial-rectal inversion, which makes this liberal feel good ;O). _Exactly_! I'm afraid there are no commercial products needed to make compost. A shame, the industry should do something about it. Lots of compost products, you MUST have them ALL: 1) Composting "tumblers", $200 and up ($500 for the "twin barrel" system) 2) Cedar or wire compost "bins," $40 and up 3) Canvas "leaf haulers" to get leaves to the compost, $30 4) Chippers, to turn twigs into compostable bits, $700 or so 5) "Ground flush wheelbarrows" wide and shallow, to haul grass and clippings to compost, regular wheelbarrow or a cardboard box just wont do, $80 or so 6) "Compost Maker" or "Compost Excellerater" -- all brands are unique and wonderful with magic ingredients, around $10 per container, buy several kinds, including liquid, granular, or sticks that can just be pounded into in pile. 7) Worms! Starter batch of wigglies, $15 8) Sand! to make compost drain better. $8 a bag 9) Shovel to turn compost, $15.00 10) Tined bail fork to aerate compost, $15.00 11) Aerator plunger, because a tined fork and shovel ain't enough for a really well aerated pile, $20 12) Soil Sifter to help granulate finished compost, $100 13) Rotary sifter to mix different kinds of finished compost as granulated, mounted over wheelbarrow, only $500 14) Stainless Steel "Peely bin" for kitchen waste, handled for ease of carrying to compost pile: $80 gets a pretty nice one, you don't want the $10 chintzy plastic jobby. 15) Galvanized chimney-lid on galvanized can, to use as incinerator to make your own ash out of paper and twigs: $50 16) Compost thermometer, you could die if it cooks too cool to kill germs, $20 17) Biodegradable leaf sacks, fill 'em up, toss 'em bag and all on compost: $15 for three. 18) "Tidy screens" look like bamboo mats, make nice "wraps" for the compost pile so it won't be an eye soar, $30 per screen, you'll need probably three of them, so $90 19) Plastic composting bag, "kit" with tripod bag-hanger, for that kitchen waste that stinks too much for the regular pile, $30 starter kit, extra bags $8 each, get a dozen of those to start with. 20) Compressed bails of sawdust or wood shavings, ESSENTIAL soil builders mixed into the garden waste, $15 per bail, you'll need lots of bails 21) Fleece Compost Covers, keeps compost moist and none of it blows away, $75 or so, not so much when you consider it's "CO2 permeable" making these covers absolutely essential. 22) Compost bucket, to move finished compost from place to place in teh garden, because you well know an ordinary bucket will never do it as well: $20 23) Compost Test Kit. You'll end up killing your entire garden if you don't test the pH, nitrogen level,, sodium content and what-not. $50 for the kit in a nice leathette case, but you can go cheaper if you don't actually love your garden. 24) Compost Planning Software. If you don't have the right computer software with compost recipes and loads of advice, you're just wasting your time. $250 might seem an awful lot, but do you want a dead garden? I didn't think so. 25) Compost tool holder, $25 26) Finished compost holder bin. You certainly can't leave that finished compost on the ground getting all dirty. And a special bin is only about $50 27) Concrete toad, gnome, hedgehog, or jockey. Something nice for the top of the pile. $50. If you'd prefer a Japanese stone lantern, $300. 28) Books about composting, get several, preferably published by vendors of the above products as they explain best why you need all that stuff: $20 per book on average, get about ten different titles so you'll become expert, so: $200 If you run out of cool compost essentials to buy, just ask your vendor what else you can get, there'll be something else, never fear. -paghat the ratgirl -- visit my temperate gardening website: http://www.paghat.com visit my film reviews website: http://www.weirdwildrealm.com |
#18
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compost
"Mark Thorson" wrote in message ... Martin Brown wrote: RichD wrote: The local grocery has a compost recycle bin, for food scraps etc. Even the plates and utensils go in there. Paper plates presumably, but dumping plastic or metal utensils seems very wasteful. I presume this is in the USA throw away culture. Whole Foods markets in the U.S. have a collecting bin for compostable materials. The utensils provided with their ready-to-eat foods are made from a biodegradable plastic, so they can go with the paper plates and leftover food. Some cultery is also now made from bamboo. |
#19
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compost
"symplastless" wrote in message
. .. Rich In MODERN ARBORICULTURE we compost our tree trimmings that have been chipped. When we say composted tree trimmings we mean that the material has sat in a pile for at least a year. The stuff I use and sell is 2,3, or even 4 years old. It has a nice dark color acquired by the composting process. I do not use dyed mulch. The compost meaning that the living parenchyma cells have dies and the contents of the cells are digested. I.e., the parenchyma cells that made up the sapwood at time of trimming. The problem with using fresh chips is that the protoplasm from the inside of the parenchyma cells gets smeared all over the place. This protoplasm attracts undesirables that can and do do nasty things to trees above as well as below ground. This could cause disease. The microorganisms attracted to protoplasm are those that attract defense cells in trees. Now, the webwork of living parenchyma cells in trees (all parts of a tree are born alive) is collectively and correctly termed the "symplast". The cells are connected and can conduct electricity, thus the SHIGOMETER (a pulsed uhm meter) comes into play. Now the more composted the wood chips, leaves and needles the better. The more composted the less chances of artillery fungus on your house or structure. I cannot mention mulch without some lucid instruction. Whilst I agree with you. Sometimes there's not enough space in the garden to store the fresh tree mulch. I pruned back a row of pine tree hedges about 6 months back. There was just way too much mulch for the compost pile. I stacked as much as i could in that pile and for the rest - I ended up piling a lot of the fresh mulch onto parts of the garden beds which I consider - secondary - meaning if the plants there die - it don't matter. What happened was that the margurite daises are doing well. In fact, the compost piles went ok. Didn't kill anything - and helped to supress the weeds if i piled a layer three inches thick. However, there was a massive bloom of yellow flowering clovers - particularly in areas where the mulch was the thinest. Perhaps the mulch had a rich store of nitrogen. |
#20
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compost
On Jul 30, 4:48 am, Karsten Kruse wrote:
RichD schrieb: Is it really superior to petrochemical fertilizer, or is it guilty conscience liberal feelgoodism? No, the petrochemical producs are better. They sell better and the market doesn't lie. Karsten In support of your smile: When farming, we would dump around seven hundred tons of compost on a single one hundred acre unit. This reduced our dependence on [incomplete] chemical fertilizers (heck, it was winter, we had nothing else to do). The biggest "upside" was we were not growing nutritionally hollow food. People often commented on the better taste of things grown with compost and mineral supplements. For example, try a garden fresh tomato with good soil, then try one from a hot house supplier. The only reason we turned to chemical (e.g., thousands of gallons of nitrogen pumped through the irrigations circles) was to survive/compete on the market and, in the end, the corn looked damn good. Still, just like us humans, plants are more than just a little nitrogen, potassium, and ....... On a side note, go look at the soil on many of the farms. It's dead. FungiCIDES, pestiCIDES and so forth kill everything. Everything works together, but we have a better way. Just like our management of the forests (okay, maybe that didn't turn out so well and introducing other than indigenous species only resulted in very happy beetles, or stopping forest fires wasn't such a good ideal, or......). |
#21
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compost
Mark Thorson wrote:
Martin Brown wrote: RichD wrote: The local grocery has a compost recycle bin, for food scraps etc. Even the plates and utensils go in there. Paper plates presumably, but dumping plastic or metal utensils seems very wasteful. I presume this is in the USA throw away culture. Whole Foods markets in the U.S. have a collecting bin for compostable materials. The utensils provided with their ready-to-eat foods are made from a biodegradable plastic, so they can go with the paper plates and leftover food. Presumably the new generation BioCorp stuff? Regards, Martin Brown ** Posted from http://www.teranews.com ** |
#22
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communistic compost (WAS: compost)
"paghat" wrote in message ... Karsten Kruse wrote: Billy schrieb: Is it really superior to petrochemical fertilizer, or is it guilty conscience liberal feelgoodism? No, the petrochemical producs are better. They sell better and the market doesn't lie. And don't forget to use lots of pesticides too. They are made from petroleum as well. I mean, if we are willing to go to war and cause incredible suffering, then it must be a good thing ;o), so eats lots of it. The really good unintended consequence is, of course, it cures conservative's cranial-rectal inversion, which makes this liberal feel good ;O). _Exactly_! I'm afraid there are no commercial products needed to make compost. A shame, the industry should do something about it. Lots of compost products, you MUST have them ALL: 1) Composting "tumblers", $200 and up ($500 for the "twin barrel" system) 2) Cedar or wire compost "bins," $40 and up 3) Canvas "leaf haulers" to get leaves to the compost, $30 4) Chippers, to turn twigs into compostable bits, $700 or so 5) "Ground flush wheelbarrows" wide and shallow, to haul grass and clippings to compost, regular wheelbarrow or a cardboard box just wont do, $80 or so 6) "Compost Maker" or "Compost Excellerater" -- all brands are unique and wonderful with magic ingredients, around $10 per container, buy several kinds, including liquid, granular, or sticks that can just be pounded into in pile. 7) Worms! Starter batch of wigglies, $15 8) Sand! to make compost drain better. $8 a bag 9) Shovel to turn compost, $15.00 10) Tined bail fork to aerate compost, $15.00 11) Aerator plunger, because a tined fork and shovel ain't enough for a really well aerated pile, $20 12) Soil Sifter to help granulate finished compost, $100 13) Rotary sifter to mix different kinds of finished compost as granulated, mounted over wheelbarrow, only $500 14) Stainless Steel "Peely bin" for kitchen waste, handled for ease of carrying to compost pile: $80 gets a pretty nice one, you don't want the $10 chintzy plastic jobby. 15) Galvanized chimney-lid on galvanized can, to use as incinerator to make your own ash out of paper and twigs: $50 16) Compost thermometer, you could die if it cooks too cool to kill germs, $20 17) Biodegradable leaf sacks, fill 'em up, toss 'em bag and all on compost: $15 for three. 18) "Tidy screens" look like bamboo mats, make nice "wraps" for the compost pile so it won't be an eye soar, $30 per screen, you'll need probably three of them, so $90 19) Plastic composting bag, "kit" with tripod bag-hanger, for that kitchen waste that stinks too much for the regular pile, $30 starter kit, extra bags $8 each, get a dozen of those to start with. 20) Compressed bails of sawdust or wood shavings, ESSENTIAL soil builders mixed into the garden waste, $15 per bail, you'll need lots of bails 21) Fleece Compost Covers, keeps compost moist and none of it blows away, $75 or so, not so much when you consider it's "CO2 permeable" making these covers absolutely essential. 22) Compost bucket, to move finished compost from place to place in teh garden, because you well know an ordinary bucket will never do it as well: $20 23) Compost Test Kit. You'll end up killing your entire garden if you don't test the pH, nitrogen level,, sodium content and what-not. $50 for the kit in a nice leathette case, but you can go cheaper if you don't actually love your garden. 24) Compost Planning Software. If you don't have the right computer software with compost recipes and loads of advice, you're just wasting your time. $250 might seem an awful lot, but do you want a dead garden? I didn't think so. 25) Compost tool holder, $25 26) Finished compost holder bin. You certainly can't leave that finished compost on the ground getting all dirty. And a special bin is only about $50 27) Concrete toad, gnome, hedgehog, or jockey. Something nice for the top of the pile. $50. If you'd prefer a Japanese stone lantern, $300. 28) Books about composting, get several, preferably published by vendors of the above products as they explain best why you need all that stuff: $20 per book on average, get about ten different titles so you'll become expert, so: $200 If you run out of cool compost essentials to buy, just ask your vendor what else you can get, there'll be something else, never fear. or some sort of enclosure made from whatever is cheap or free, heaps of scraps, free worms which orgabnise themselves to the pile & time. works for me. rob -- Posted on news://freenews.netfront.net - Complaints to -- |
#23
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compost
the times I've done that by accident, I've ended up with a stinking
mess, due to the anaerobic conditions (think pond scum, or if you live in cold climates, the spring staunch when ice melts off the top of ponds and lakes) . sure its good for the plants, after you let it compost more in the open (aerobic conditions). but its not great if you live by neighbors with sensitive noses. thanks, Simon On Jul 30, 10:57 am, "YMC" wrote: "Jake D" wrote in message ... and turn it to compost. Heat and moisture in appropriate amounts speeds up the process. Is it better than chemical fertiliser? Well, it's better for the environment - and better for the soil you add it to, not the least because it contains fibrous vegetable matter which improves the quality of the soil you add it to. It works best when it contains sufficient nitrogen and other nutrients required by the plants you intend to grow. Does the compost pile get hot enough to kill most of the weeds and their seeds though? One of my gardener friends advised me to put the cut grass, garden clippings, weeds into a plastc trash bin for about a month with some water inside - before putting it into the compost pile. That way - more weeds and seeds would die. A more through way, he explained, was to make compost tea - and soak the weeds into water til they rotted. |
#24
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communistic compost (WAS: compost)
"George.com" wrote or some sort of enclosure made from whatever is cheap or free, heaps of scraps, free worms which orgabnise themselves to the pile & time. I haven't had any organic waste reach the curb in over 20 years. It's all been nicely composted in a little black box outside by back door, 2 feet high, 2 feet wide, and 2 feet deep. It's amazing what KKKonservative AmeriKKKunts spend their time whining about. |
#25
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compost
"Billy" wrote in message
... In article , Karsten Kruse wrote: RichD schrieb: Is it really superior to petrochemical fertilizer, or is it guilty conscience liberal feelgoodism? No, the petrochemical producs are better. They sell better and the market doesn't lie. Karsten And don't forget to use lots of pesticides too. They are made from petroleum as well. I mean, if we are willing to go to war and cause incredible suffering, then it must be a good thing ;o), so eats lots of it. The really good unintended consequence is, of course, it cures conservative's cranial-rectal inversion, which makes this liberal feel good ;O). Chem ferts are great at sterilizing the ground. They are salts and over use kills just about everything that supports a plant in "natural", microbiologically infested soil. When used, as intended, they encourage the nitrogen consuming bacteria (not all bacteria) to consume as much organic material in the soil as they can, thereby depleting the soil of its' water holding capacity. This causes the chem fert to drain away and pollute someone's drinking water or, flow down the Mississippi where it creates a huge dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico. There is also an over all loss of bacteria which impacts the soil because the bacteria produce a mucous to bind soil together which slows down their predators. This mucous also helps prevent soil erosion. And if you like insects, you'll be happy to hear that plants store the nitrates from chem ferts in their soft, fast growing, nutrient laden leaves, which in turn, attracts hungry insects. So, you end up with dead soil, water pollution, soil erosion and, a plague of insects. Wow, what a deal ;O) I mean, talk about getting your money's worth. And speaking of money the less fertile your soil becomes the more chem ferts you need to buy to get the same amount of crop. I mean, is this a (Gingrich) conservative's wet dream or what? Now compost may, or may not, be a fertilizer in the N P K sense of the word. It is dependent on what is composted, be it vegetation or doo-doo. Compost is simply stacking up and the natural breaking down of organic material. If you want to get rid of any viable seeds or other pathogens in the compost, make a bigger stack and it will generate enough heat during its' decomposition to denature them. You can occasionally spray some water on the pile or **** on it. I'm afraid there are no commercial products needed to make compost. The purpose of the compost is to feed the soil. Feed the soil and, the soil will take care of your plants. Feed the bacteria and fungi (the decomposers) in your soil and, they will feed the nematodes and amoeba, who in turn fed the worms and insects, who feed burrowing mammals. What you end up with is soil gifted with a dynamic, balanced community of organism whose birth and death cycles enrich the soil (NPK and much more) and, a soil that is well ventilated, drained and, able to retain moisture. It doesn't make any profit for Monsanto though unless you buy their seeds. Truth be told, I don't compost very much. I just haven't developed the habit. What I do, is grow what is called a "green manure" (plants that either fix nitrogen or generate a lot of bio-mass in the soil) early in the year. These get cut down two weeks before planting to decompose where they are. Then I lay three to four inches of alfalfa "mulch" on the soil. This mulch, as it breaks down, is my replacement for compost. Then I lay my drip lines on the mulch and for my plants that require heat, I lay clear plastic over it all and, cut holes next to the drip emitters for planting. Petroleum fertilizers and pesticides allow for huge monoculture plantings but mixed crop organic farming can produce more total food on the same acrage. The organic approach also grows healthy soil. GMO seeds don't produce more crop. Mostly they let you buy more petroleum based Round-up to spray on your crop. They also produce proteins that your immune system may or may not react to, in some cases they kill butterflys, and there is always the concern of genetic drift, where traits (like resistance to Round up) can be passed to weeds. So if anybody should have a guilty conscience, it is the "Gingrich" conservatives (they aren't really conservatives) who promote snake oil products that they don't understand or do understand but just want to encourage snake oil sales. Viva Castro -- Billy Bush and Pelosi Behind Bars http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9KVTf...ef=patrick.net http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0aEo...eature=related Lived in VA for sometime. The Chesapeake bay greened out due to lawn fertilizer wash-off. All the oxygen was sucked out of the water. Negatively affected the fish and oyster population big-time. A creek within Austin, TX has been documented with multiple limbed frogs. Traced back to run-off from a commonly used herbicide made by Monsanto. -- Dave |
#26
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compost
Blattus Slafaly wrote:
kT wrote: Blattus Slafaly wrote: kT wrote: RichD wrote: The local grocery has a compost recycle bin, for food scraps etc. Even the plates and utensils go in there. I was wondering, what constitutes 'composting'? I mean, does it simply get dumped into a big grinder, or is there some enzymatic chemistry involved? And who/how/where receives it? Is it really superior to petrochemical fertilizer, or is it guilty conscience liberal feelgoodism? That's an excellent question, actually. There are two methods of compost, both work fine. The object is to keep the kitchen scraps out of the dry garbage, it smells terrible and make sorting it almost impossible, although most recyclers do the sorting for you now, so even that isn't a adequate excuse for not recycling anymore. The first method is to simply bury the compost in rich dark soil, or even sand works. In this case nature just runs its course, although in sand the ants do most of the work. Gotta love those ants. Only IDIOTS use herbicides and pesticides. The second preferred method is to mix the compost with leaves and grass ABOVE GROUND in a geometry where the innoculant (some soil for instance) can spread through the mix, and raise the heat in the center of the pile to a high enough temperature where the plant material can break down quicker, and only beneficial gases are produced. As you will quickly see an entire civilization of bugs and insects and worms and bacteria will quickly take charge of the situation and do most of the work for you. All you have to do is turn over and mix the pile every once and a while. You can also have your bowel movements in a potty and dump it into the compost pile. Sure you can, if you want to RUIN your compost. Human crap is good for composting. But not in a traditional plant material composting bin. It requires a special composting toilet, and can only really be used on orchard trees, even then it's iffy without further deactivation (aging). |
#27
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compost
You can also have your bowel movements in a potty and dump it into the compost pile. Sure you can, if you want to RUIN your compost. Human crap is good for composting. If done properly, it is very good compost and does not at all ruin your compost. If not done properly, it can contain dangerous diseases and parasites that can infect your vegatables and you and anyone else that goes into your garden. Most people don't know how to properly compost human excrement, and for them doing so would be foolish and dangerous. It still won't ruin your compost - plants love it. You can crap in your garden if you want to, and plants will grow well so long as you don't crap too much around any one plant. The smell might get a bit strong after a while, and your neighbors might shun you for doing so..... |
#28
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compost
In article , Blattus
Slafaly wrote: Human crap is good for composting. Would that include presidential speeches and books by Deepak Chopra? -paghat the ratgirl -- visit my temperate gardening website: http://www.paghat.com visit my film reviews website: http://www.weirdwildrealm.com |
#29
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compost
On Jul 30, 5:59 am, RichD wrote:
The local grocery has a compost recycle bin, for food scraps etc. Even the plates and utensils go in there. I was wondering, what constitutes 'composting'? I mean, does it simply get dumped into a big grinder, or is there some enzymatic chemistry involved? Pile up a bunch of stuff and let bugs, worms, microbes, fungi do the rest. And who/how/where receives it? Is it really superior to petrochemical fertilizer, or is it guilty conscience liberal feelgoodism? Has low levels of NPK, so it's not a potent fertilizer, although it can be used as potting soil if aged a couple or more years; my five-year old lawn waste compost outperforms expensive, quality bag soils like Pro-Mix Ultimate Organic. It improves soil texture (or "tilth"), most notably helping heavy clay soils drain better and loose soils hold moisture. Compost also boosts soil's beneficial microbe count, helping plants extract nutrients from otherwise poor soil with less need for fertilizers. |
#30
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compost
"Blattus Slafaly" wrote Human crap is good for composting. Well ---- No it isn't really. If done on a large scale, ya. But on a small scale, - home composting - it's both unsanitary and damages the compost. Now if you have a new compost unit to start, then by all means, throw a lump of dog shit into it, and wait until it's dark and take a good long **** in it, and dump in some soil to get it activated. Then Never again Oh, and no grass clippings either - unless it's large scale. The occasional broad leaf litter is ok though. But never large amounts. Broad leaf litter will increase the carbon content of the compost, while grass will increase the nitrogen content. In both cases, too much will make it difficult to airate and can cause it to start to smell. |
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